Source: guru99.com
Each aspect of OM is recorded as an object type, a way of grouping similar data together. For example, organizational unit is an object type, position is another object type.
Relationships
There are many objects within OM, and the creation of relationships is the way that data is linked together. When you build the hierarchical organizational structure, you are creating a relationship between organizational unit objects. If you attach a position to an organizational unit, you are creating a relationship between the position object and the organizational unit object.
Validity DatesWhenever you create an abject or a relationship between objects, you must enter start and end dates. These validity dates ensure that data entries can only be made within a specified lifespan.
InfotypesThese are the data input screens used to record the OM information. Some infotypes are automatically updated 'behind the scenes'; other infotypes require you to manually input the information.
Lets look into the different OBJECT TYPES in detail
OM is based upon the use of Object Types and Relationships. Object Types group similar data together. Although an organizational plan can consist of many object types, the five basic building block object types and their 'codes' are as follows:
Cost Center
1.Relationships with same Object Types
2.Relationships with different Object Types
Lets look into them in detail -
Learn Organizational Management (OM) in SAP HR
OM Module of SAP HR
- Object Types Entities within OM are maintained as object types (e.g. Org Units, positions,jobs)
- Relationships Links objects together (e.g. person to position, position to Org Unit)
- Validity Dates Validates life span of objects
- Infotypes Data input screens used to record relevant information
Each aspect of OM is recorded as an object type, a way of grouping similar data together. For example, organizational unit is an object type, position is another object type.
Relationships
There are many objects within OM, and the creation of relationships is the way that data is linked together. When you build the hierarchical organizational structure, you are creating a relationship between organizational unit objects. If you attach a position to an organizational unit, you are creating a relationship between the position object and the organizational unit object.
Validity DatesWhenever you create an abject or a relationship between objects, you must enter start and end dates. These validity dates ensure that data entries can only be made within a specified lifespan.
InfotypesThese are the data input screens used to record the OM information. Some infotypes are automatically updated 'behind the scenes'; other infotypes require you to manually input the information.
Lets look into the different OBJECT TYPES in detail
OM is based upon the use of Object Types and Relationships. Object Types group similar data together. Although an organizational plan can consist of many object types, the five basic building block object types and their 'codes' are as follows:
- The Personnel Administration (PA) module of the SAP HR system holds the person related data in infotypes in the master data file.
- The Organization Management (OM) module looks at the organization's departmental structure and holds the data in object types. OM object types are a way of grouping similar data. The system assigns a code for each object type.
- These objects are created and maintained separately and are then linked together using relationships.
- Object type O is used for Organizational Unit.
- Organizational units are units of your company that perform a function.
- These units can be departments, groups or project teams, for example.
- You create the organizational structure of your company by relating organizational units to one another.
- The organizational structure is the basis for the creation of an organizational plan.
- Object type S is used for Position.
- Positions are used to distribute tasks to different positions and to depict the reporting structure in your organizational plan.
- Positions are concrete and are held by employees in a company.
- Positions are assigned to organizational units and can inherit characteristics from a job.
- Object type C (classification) is used for Job.
- Positions are held by people in the company (e.g. secretary in the marketing department,HR manager). Jobs, in contrast, are classifications of functions in an enterprise (e.g. secretary, manager), which are defined by the assignment of tasks and characteristics.
- Jobs serve as job descriptions that apply to several positions with similar tasks or characteristics. When you create jobs, they are listed in a job catalog.
- When you create a new position (e.g. secretary in the marketing department), you can relate it to a job that already exists in the job index (e.g. secretary). The position then automatically inherits the tasks and characteristics of the job. This significantly reduces data entry time, as tasks and characteristics do not have to be assigned to each position separately, instead they are inherited via the descriptive job. Note however, that specific tasks and characteristics can also be assigned directly to positions.
- Personnel Cost Planning
- Career and Succession Planning
- Compensation Management
Cost Center
- Object type K is used for Cost Center.
- Cost centers are a Controlling/Finance item that represents the origin of costs. Cost center are external from OM and will be created and maintained in the Controlling module. Cost centers can have relationships with either organizational units or positions.
- Cost center assignments are inherited along the organizational structure.
- Object type P is used for Employee.
- A person is generally an employee in the company who holds a position.
- Additional information for employees is maintained in PA (e.g. address, basic pay, etc.).IT0001 (Organizational Assignment) contains the position assignment, defining job,organizational unit, and cost center assignment.
- Object Type T is used for tasks
- Tasks are individual duties and responsibilities that must be undertaken by employees
Tasks can be clubbed under two headings
- As part of workflow
- As part of personnel management to describe jobs and positions
How SAP HR organization works as a single unit
Relationships
We need to look at two types of Relationships in SAP1.Relationships with same Object Types
2.Relationships with different Object Types
Lets look into them in detail -
Relationships with Same Object Types
- Organizational units are related with each other to form a hierarchical structure.
- Each organizational unit is created as an individual object type. Using the example above, the organizational unit of "Region Office" is an object type, as are the organizational units of Finance & Accounting and Human Resources.
- To create the interrelated hierarchy, a relationship must exist between Regional Office and Finance & Accounting and between Regional Office and Human Resources.
- Relationships are formed in both directions, therefore Regional Office incorporates Finance & Accounting and Finance & Accounting belongs to the Regional Office.
- When you create a relationship between objects, SAP automatically creates the corresponding reverse relationship.
Relationships with Different Object Types
- Any SAP organizational unit will have positions attached to it. The organizational units object would therefore be linked the position object types as a relationship.
- In the example detailed above, the organizational unit object of Human Resources has a relationship of 'incorporates' with the position object of HR Manager, therefore the position object of HR Manager has a relationship of 'belongs to' with the organizational unit object of Human Resources.
Common relationships
- Objects are linked though relationships.
- You create relationships between the individual elements in your organizational plan. Several linked objects can represent a structure. There are different types of relationships, as the type of connections between elements varies
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How to maintain OM Infotypes
- Details
Once you have created different OM Objects , you will need to maintain Infotypes related to it.
Lets look into SAP-HR OM Infotype Maintenance --
There are two Methods to Maintain SAP - Organizational Management Infotypes
1. Using Organization and Staffing Transaction2.Using the Expert Mode.
In this tutorial we will look into the Expert Mode
The Expert Mode is an interface that is ideal for maintaining details. Individual objects areselected using the Object Manager. Infotypes for that particular object can now be maintained.
Transaction code PP01 can be used to maintain all object types. Due to authorization restrictions, you may not have access to PP01. Instead, you will have to use one of the following transactions, which restrict access to one particular object type:
2.IT1001- Relationships:
Lets look into SAP-HR OM Infotype Maintenance --
There are two Methods to Maintain SAP - Organizational Management Infotypes
1. Using Organization and Staffing Transaction2.Using the Expert Mode.
In this tutorial we will look into the Expert Mode
The Expert Mode is an interface that is ideal for maintaining details. Individual objects areselected using the Object Manager. Infotypes for that particular object can now be maintained.
Transaction code PP01 can be used to maintain all object types. Due to authorization restrictions, you may not have access to PP01. Instead, you will have to use one of the following transactions, which restrict access to one particular object type:
- PO10 Organizational Unit
- PO03 Job
- PO13 Position
- PO01 Work Center
- Plan Version: It is important to ensure that you are working in the correct plan version at all times (for this you can also default the plan version in the user parameter
- Object Information:The object type, ID and abbreviation are displayed so the user can ensure that the right object is being edited.
- Status: Select the status of the infotype you want to maintain using the tab pages (select Active which has status = 1).
- Infotype: Select the infotype you want to maintain.
- Validity Period: Start and end dates specify the period during which the object exists in the plan version selected.
Important OM Infotypes
1.IT1000 - Description: It gives an Object's Abbreviation and Name 2.IT1001- Relationships:
- There are many different relationship types that you can create between object types
- Each individual relationship represents a subtype of the Relationships infotype (IT1001).
- Not all relationships apply to every object.
- Relationship records can manually be created using the Expert Mode interface, but they are also automatically created when using other interfaces (e.g. Organization and Staffing, Simple Maintenance).
- When creating a relationship, the inverse relationship is usually automatically created by the system.
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How to create an Organizational Unit
In this tutorial we will Learn
Intoduction to Organization and Staffing Transaction
How to Create an Organizational Unit
How to Create an Org Unit within Existing Structure
This is a user-friendly transaction accessible via Human Resources>Organizational Management>Organizational Plan> Organization and Staffing>Create, Change, Display.
SAP Transaction Codes
Each of the two main areas is subdivided into panes:
Step 2) In the next SAP screen, enter the start date of the Organizational Unit and click the check mark
Step 3) The New Organizational Unit will displayed in both the Overview and Detail screen areas
Step 4) In the details section , enter details in accordance with the Business Blueprint.
Step 5) Click the Save the Button. The Overview Area will also change as follows
Step 2) In the next SAP screen, click the
button.
Step 3) In the next SAP screen, Enter the start date of the new organizational unit.
Step 4) Next , search for the organizational unit to which new organizational unit will be added. Enter the name of the organizational unit and click find.
Step 5) In the results window , double click on the desired result.
Step 6) The selected organizational unit will be displayed in the overview section. Select the target org unit and click create.
Step 7) The next SAP pop-up window enables you to choose the relationship between the existing Org Unit and the one that you are creating. In this case, click "Is the Line Supervisor of"
Step 8) In the details section , give information of the new organizational unit you are creating and Click the save button.
Step 9) In the overview section , you will notice that the subordinate Org Unit ('Demo') has now been added underneath the higher-level Org Unit
Intoduction to Organization and Staffing Transaction
How to Create an Organizational Unit
How to Create an Org Unit within Existing Structure
Intoduction to Organization and Staffing Transaction
The Organization and Staffing transaction is the easiest way to manage SAP HR - OM(Organization Management) for an end-user who does not have an in-depth, technical knowledge of SAP.This is a user-friendly transaction accessible via Human Resources>Organizational Management>Organizational Plan> Organization and Staffing>Create, Change, Display.
SAP Transaction Codes
- Create -PPOCE
- Change- PPOME
- Display -PPOSE
Each of the two main areas is subdivided into panes:
- Object Manager -Comprising a search area and a selection area. The Object Manager is available in numerous HR user interfaces.
- Work Area - Comprising an overview area and a detail area.
- Search Area - Gives you a wide array of search options to locate your SAP OM objects
- Selection Area - The results of your search appears in the Selection Area.
- Overview Area - The search result selected in the Selection Area appears in Over view Area. The overview area gives you an icon based view of your OM object's hierarchy.
- Detail Area- Attributes related to the selected OM object can be edited in the detail area.
How to create an Organizational Unit
Step 1) In the SAP command prompt , Enter transaction PPOCE Step 2) In the next SAP screen, enter the start date of the Organizational Unit and click the check mark
Step 3) The New Organizational Unit will displayed in both the Overview and Detail screen areas
Step 4) In the details section , enter details in accordance with the Business Blueprint.
Step 5) Click the Save the Button. The Overview Area will also change as follows
Imp Note:Create mode can only be used for a new root organizational unit. To create additional organizational units within the structure, change mode is used.
How to create an Org Unit within Existing Structure
Step 1) In the SAP command prompt , Enter transaction PPOME Step 2) In the next SAP screen, click the
button.Step 3) In the next SAP screen, Enter the start date of the new organizational unit.
Step 4) Next , search for the organizational unit to which new organizational unit will be added. Enter the name of the organizational unit and click find.
Step 5) In the results window , double click on the desired result.
Step 6) The selected organizational unit will be displayed in the overview section. Select the target org unit and click create.
Step 7) The next SAP pop-up window enables you to choose the relationship between the existing Org Unit and the one that you are creating. In this case, click "Is the Line Supervisor of"
Step 8) In the details section , give information of the new organizational unit you are creating and Click the save button.
Step 9) In the overview section , you will notice that the subordinate Org Unit ('Demo') has now been added underneath the higher-level Org Unit
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How to CREATE, COPY & DELIMIT a Position: SAP PPOME
In this tutorial, we will learn
How to Create a New Position
How to Copy a New Position
How to Delimit a Position
Step 2) In the next SAP screen, click the button.
Step 3) In the next SAP screen, Enter the start date of the new position
Step 4) Next , search for the organizational unit to which new position will be added. Enter the name of the organizational unit and click find.
Step 5) In the results window , double click on the desired result.
Step 6) The selected organizational unit will be displayed in the overview section. Select the target org unit and click create.
Step 7) The next SAP pop-up window enables you to choose the relationship between the Organizational unit and Position. Select "Incorporates"
Step 8) In the details section , give information of the new position that you are creating and Click the save button.
Step 9) In the overview section , you will notice that the new position has been added under the Organizational unit.
Step 2) In the next SAP screen, click the button.
Step 3) In the next SAP screen, Enter the start date of the new position
Step 4) Next , search for the organizational unit to which new position will be added. Enter the name of the organizational unit and click find.
Step 5) In the results window , double click on the desired result.
Step 6) The selected organizational unit will be displayed in the overview section. Select the position you wish to make copies of and click the copy button.
Step 7) The next SAP pop-up window select the number of copies you want to make of the position . Also specify the start date , end date and , description
Step 8) In the overview section , you can see the position "clerk" is copied thrice
Now , if required , you can change the details of the position , in the Details section.
In order to delimit a position proceed as follows:
Step 1) While in SAP transaction PPOME
Step 2) Select the position you want to delimit
Step 3) Select the button 'delimit' and chose the option 'object'
Step 4) In the next SAP pop up window ,enter the delimit date. Click the Check Mark Button.
The position is Delimited.
How to Create a New Position
How to Copy a New Position
How to Delimit a Position
How to Create a New Position
Step 1) In the SAP command prompt , Enter transaction PPOME Step 2) In the next SAP screen, click the
button.Step 3) In the next SAP screen, Enter the start date of the new position
Step 4) Next , search for the organizational unit to which new position will be added. Enter the name of the organizational unit and click find.
Step 5) In the results window , double click on the desired result.
Step 6) The selected organizational unit will be displayed in the overview section. Select the target org unit and click create.
Step 7) The next SAP pop-up window enables you to choose the relationship between the Organizational unit and Position. Select "Incorporates"
Step 8) In the details section , give information of the new position that you are creating and Click the save button.
Step 9) In the overview section , you will notice that the new position has been added under the Organizational unit.
How to Copy a New Position
Step 1) In the SAP command prompt , Enter transaction PPOME Step 2) In the next SAP screen, click the
button.Step 3) In the next SAP screen, Enter the start date of the new position
Step 4) Next , search for the organizational unit to which new position will be added. Enter the name of the organizational unit and click find.
Step 5) In the results window , double click on the desired result.
Step 6) The selected organizational unit will be displayed in the overview section. Select the position you wish to make copies of and click the copy button.
Step 7) The next SAP pop-up window select the number of copies you want to make of the position . Also specify the start date , end date and , description
Step 8) In the overview section , you can see the position "clerk" is copied thrice
Now , if required , you can change the details of the position , in the Details section.
How to Delimit a Position
If, because of a restructuring, the position should cease to be available, you should NOT delete the position from the system but proceed with delimitation of the position.The prerequisite to be able to delimit a position is that no active employee is linked to it. If that is the case, first the employee should be terminated or moved to another position.Be sure that you really do not need this position before proceeding because this action is very difficult to roll back.In order to delimit a position proceed as follows:
Step 1) While in SAP transaction PPOME
Step 2) Select the position you want to delimit
Step 3) Select the button 'delimit' and chose the option 'object'
Step 4) In the next SAP pop up window ,enter the delimit date. Click the Check Mark Button.
The position is Delimited.
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Define a Position as Head of Org Unit in SAP
- Details
Once a position is declared a Head of the Org Unit -
Step 2) Select the position you want to make the chief
Step 3) In the details section, under the basic data tab , select Head of organizational unit
Step 4) Click Save. In the overview section , the icon for position changes signifying he is the chief of the org unit.
- The position becomes the manager for all employees belonging to the Organizational Unit
- The Manager automatically becomes responsible for the approval of timesheet, training requests and any other SAP workflow.
- A position can be assigned as Chief to one Org Unit ONLY
- An Org Unit without chief will automatically inherit the chief of the Org Unit it belongs to.
Step 2) Select the position you want to make the chief
Step 3) In the details section, under the basic data tab , select Head of organizational unit
Step 4) Click Save. In the overview section , the icon for position changes signifying he is the chief of the org unit.
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How to assign a Job & Cost Center to a Position in SAP
- Details
In this tutorial, we will learn How to assign a Job & Cost Center to a Position
Step 1) While in SAP transaction PPOME
Step 2) In the Overview section , select the Position you want to assign a Job to
Step 3) In the details section , under the basic data tab , select Job Search. Enter the Name of the Job and click the Check Mark
Step 4) Select the desired Job from the search results. Click the Save Button
The Job is assigned to the position
Step 5) To assign a cost center to a position , select the Account Assignment tab and enter the Master Cost Center Information.
Step 1) While in SAP transaction PPOME
Step 2) In the Overview section , select the Position you want to assign a Job to
Step 3) In the details section , under the basic data tab , select Job Search. Enter the Name of the Job and click the Check Mark
Step 4) Select the desired Job from the search results. Click the Save Button
The Job is assigned to the position
Step 5) To assign a cost center to a position , select the Account Assignment tab and enter the Master Cost Center Information.
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How to display Organizational Structure with Positions
- Details
Though SAP provides a wide array of reports to view your OM related
data, the best and easiest of all reports is to view Organizational
Structure with Positions.
In the SAP transaction code box , Enter transaction S_AHR_61016494
In the next SAP screen,
The report output is shown as follows -
In the SAP transaction code box , Enter transaction S_AHR_61016494
In the next SAP screen,
- Enter the Organizational Unit. You can search for the Org Unit if required
- Select the Reporting Period. In case you do not want to run the report for a period , select Key date , which will run the report for the particular date you have selected
- Select Status , which gives you the option to select the Plan version.
The report output is shown as follows -
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